tempfile模块
1. 概要
tempfile模块创建临时文件和目录。mktemp命令在不同的系统上采用不同的参数，这个模块有助于避免与此相关的麻烦。 模块创建的文件/目录只能由创建者访问。 如果您需要让它们可供其他人访问，您需要使用ansible.builtin.file模块。- 官方文档：https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/collections/ansible/builtin/tempfile_module.html
2. 参数
| 参数 | 可选值 | 默认值 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
path | path，临时文件或目录创建的位置路径。如果不指定则会使用系统默认的临时目录路径 | ||
prefix | "ansible." | string，临时文件或目录的前缀 | |
state | "file"、"directory" | "file" | string，创建临时文件还是创建临时目录，默认创建临时文件 |
suffix | "" | string，临时文件或目录的后缀 |
3. 官方示例
yaml
- name: Create temporary build directory
ansible.builtin.tempfile:
state: directory
suffix: build
- name: Create temporary file
ansible.builtin.tempfile:
state: file
suffix: temp
register: tempfile_1
- name: Use the registered var and the file module to remove the temporary file
ansible.builtin.file:
path: "{{ tempfile_1.path }}"
state: absent
when: tempfile_1.path is defined4. 剧本的使用
创建剧本文件tempfile.yml:
yaml
- hosts: node1
tasks:
- name: Create temporary build directory
ansible.builtin.tempfile:
state: directory
suffix: build
- name: Create temporary file with prefix
ansible.builtin.tempfile:
state: file
prefix: ansible_temp_
- name: Create temporary file with suffix
ansible.builtin.tempfile:
state: file
suffix: .temp
- name: Create temporary file with path
ansible.builtin.tempfile:
state: file
# path定义的目录需要存在
path: /var/log/tempfile
become: yes检查剧本语法并执行：
sh
[ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$ ansible-lint tempfile.yml
[ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$ ansible-playbook tempfile.yml -v
Using /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
PLAY [node1] *************************************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] ***************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [node1]
TASK [Create temporary build directory] **********************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "gid": 1002, "group": "ansible", "mode": "0700", "owner": "ansible", "path": "/tmp/ansible.dylJ0sbuild", "size": 4096, "state": "directory", "uid": 1002}
TASK [Create temporary file with prefix] *********************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "gid": 1002, "group": "ansible", "mode": "0600", "owner": "ansible", "path": "/tmp/ansible_temp_lY7kn5", "size": 0, "state": "file", "uid": 1002}
TASK [Create temporary file with suffix] *********************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "gid": 1002, "group": "ansible", "mode": "0600", "owner": "ansible", "path": "/tmp/ansible.1hP3WN.temp", "size": 0, "state": "file", "uid": 1002}
TASK [Create temporary file with path] ***********************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [node1] => {"changed": true, "gid": 0, "group": "root", "mode": "0600", "owner": "root", "path": "/var/log/tempfile/ansible.1txuKd", "size": 0, "state": "file", "uid": 0}
PLAY RECAP ***************************************************************************************************************************************************************
node1 : ok=5 changed=4 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
[ansible@master ansible_playbooks]$在节点上检查生成的临时文件：
sh
[meizhaohui@node1 ~]$ ll -d /tmp/ansible*
-rw------- 1 ansible ansible 0 Jan 14 09:03 /tmp/ansible.1hP3WN.temp
drwx------ 2 ansible ansible 4096 Jan 14 09:03 /tmp/ansible.dylJ0sbuild
-rw------- 1 ansible ansible 0 Jan 14 09:03 /tmp/ansible_temp_lY7kn5
[meizhaohui@node1 ~]$ ll -d /var/log/tempfile/ansible.1txuKd
-rw------- 1 root root 0 Jan 14 09:03 /var/log/tempfile/ansible.1txuKd可以看到，临时文件和临时文件夹创建成功。
- 当不指定
path路径时，会默认在/tmp目录创建临时文件或目录。 - 当指定
path时，path指定的目录需要是已经存在的，并且ansible用户需要在该目录有读写权限，因此需要加上become: yes来提升权限。