Python虚拟环境管理器miniforge
1. 概述
- 测试环境
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)。
2. 安装miniforge
2.1 下载安装文件
我下载Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh 和 Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh.sha256。下载完成后，校验一下哈希值：
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| 25/10/2025 18:33.50 /drives/d/Downloads sha256sum Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh
376b160ed8130820db0ab0f3826ac1fc85923647f75c1b8231166e3d559ab768 Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh
✔
25/10/2025 18:34.04 /drives/d/Downloads cat Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh.sha256
376b160ed8130820db0ab0f3826ac1fc85923647f75c1b8231166e3d559ab768 ./Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh
✔
25/10/2025 18:34.52 /drives/d/Downloads sha256sum -c Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh.sha256
./Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh: OK
|
将文件上传到Linux服务器上面root家目录。
上传完成后校验一下文件：
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| [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/centos-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
[root@localhost ~]# sha256sum -c Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh.sha256
./Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh: OK
[root@localhost ~]#
|
可以看到文件校验正常。
给脚本文件增加可执行权限：
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| [root@localhost ~]# chmod u+x Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh
[root@localhost ~]# ll -h Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh
-rwxr--r-- 1 root root 90M Oct 25 19:32 Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh
|
2.2 配置conda清华大学代理加速
参考Anaconda 镜像使用帮助
创建~/.condarc配置文件，并在其中增加以下配置信息：
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| channels:
- defaults
show_channel_urls: true
default_channels:
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2
custom_channels:
conda-forge: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
msys2: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
bioconda: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
menpo: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
pytorch: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
pytorch-lts: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
simpleitk: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
deepmodeling: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/
|
配置好后，查看文件内容：
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| [root@localhost ~]# cat .condarc
channels:
- defaults
show_channel_urls: true
default_channels:
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2
custom_channels:
conda-forge: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
msys2: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
bioconda: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
menpo: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
pytorch: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
pytorch-lts: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
simpleitk: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
deepmodeling: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/
[root@localhost ~]#
|
2.3 安装miniforge
安装miniforge:
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| ## 查看帮助信息
[root@localhost ~]# ./Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh -h
usage: ./Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh [options]
Installs Miniforge3 25.3.1-0
-b run install in batch mode (without manual intervention),
it is expected the license terms (if any) are agreed upon
-f no error if install prefix already exists
-h print this help message and exit
-p PREFIX install prefix, defaults to /root/miniforge3, must not contain spaces.
-s skip running pre/post-link/install scripts
-u update an existing installation
-t run package tests after installation (may install conda-build)
[root@localhost ~]#
|
将miniforge安装到/srv/miniforge目录下，并且安装过程中不需要手动交互确认:
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| ./Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh -b -p /srv/miniforge
|
安装过程如下：
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| [root@localhost ~]# ./Miniforge3-25.3.1-0-Linux-x86_64.sh -b -p /srv/miniforge
PREFIX=/srv/miniforge
Unpacking payload ...
Extracting _libgcc_mutex-0.1-conda_forge.tar.bz2
Extracting ca-certificates-2025.7.14-hbd8a1cb_0.conda
Extracting ld_impl_linux-64-2.44-h1423503_1.conda
Extracting libgomp-15.1.0-h767d61c_3.conda
Extracting pybind11-abi-4-hd8ed1ab_3.tar.bz2
Extracting python_abi-3.12-8_cp312.conda
Extracting tzdata-2025b-h78e105d_0.conda
Extracting _openmp_mutex-4.5-2_gnu.tar.bz2
Extracting libgcc-15.1.0-h767d61c_3.conda
Extracting c-ares-1.34.5-hb9d3cd8_0.conda
Extracting libexpat-2.7.1-hecca717_0.conda
Extracting libffi-3.4.6-h2dba641_1.conda
Extracting libgcc-ng-15.1.0-h69a702a_3.conda
Extracting libiconv-1.18-h4ce23a2_1.conda
Extracting liblzma-5.8.1-hb9d3cd8_2.conda
Extracting libnsl-2.0.1-hb9d3cd8_1.conda
Extracting libstdcxx-15.1.0-h8f9b012_3.conda
Extracting libzlib-1.3.1-hb9d3cd8_2.conda
Extracting ncurses-6.5-h2d0b736_3.conda
Extracting openssl-3.5.1-h7b32b05_0.conda
Extracting reproc-14.2.5.post0-hb9d3cd8_0.conda
Extracting bzip2-1.0.8-h4bc722e_7.conda
Extracting cpp-expected-1.1.0-hff21bea_1.conda
Extracting fmt-11.1.4-h07f6e7f_1.conda
Extracting keyutils-1.6.1-h166bdaf_0.tar.bz2
Extracting libedit-3.1.20250104-pl5321h7949ede_0.conda
Extracting libev-4.33-hd590300_2.conda
Extracting libsolv-0.7.34-h9463b59_0.conda
Extracting libssh2-1.11.1-hcf80075_0.conda
Extracting libstdcxx-ng-15.1.0-h4852527_3.conda
Extracting libuuid-2.38.1-h0b41bf4_0.conda
Extracting libxcrypt-4.4.36-hd590300_1.conda
Extracting lz4-c-1.10.0-h5888daf_1.conda
Extracting lzo-2.10-hd590300_1001.conda
Extracting readline-8.2-h8c095d6_2.conda
Extracting reproc-cpp-14.2.5.post0-h5888daf_0.conda
Extracting simdjson-3.12.3-h84d6215_0.conda
Extracting tk-8.6.13-noxft_hd72426e_102.conda
Extracting yaml-cpp-0.8.0-h3f2d84a_0.conda
Extracting zstd-1.5.7-hb8e6e7a_2.conda
Extracting icu-75.1-he02047a_0.conda
Extracting krb5-1.21.3-h659f571_0.conda
Extracting libnghttp2-1.64.0-h161d5f1_0.conda
Extracting nlohmann_json-3.11.3-he02047a_1.conda
Extracting libcurl-8.14.1-h332b0f4_0.conda
Extracting libsqlite-3.50.3-hee844dc_1.conda
Extracting libxml2-2.13.8-h4bc477f_0.conda
Extracting libarchive-3.7.7-h75ea233_4.conda
Extracting python-3.12.11-h9e4cc4f_0_cpython.conda
Extracting libmamba-2.1.1-h430c389_0.conda
Extracting menuinst-2.3.1-py312h7900ff3_0.conda
Extracting archspec-0.2.5-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
Extracting boltons-25.0.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
Extracting brotli-python-1.1.0-py312h2ec8cdc_3.conda
Extracting certifi-2025.7.14-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
Extracting charset-normalizer-3.4.2-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
Extracting colorama-0.4.6-pyhd8ed1ab_1.conda
Extracting distro-1.9.0-pyhd8ed1ab_1.conda
Extracting frozendict-2.4.6-py312h66e93f0_0.conda
Extracting hpack-4.1.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
Extracting hyperframe-6.1.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
Extracting idna-3.10-pyhd8ed1ab_1.conda
Extracting jsonpointer-3.0.0-py312h7900ff3_1.conda
Extracting libmambapy-2.1.1-py312h07448e0_0.conda
Extracting mamba-2.1.1-had4a41a_0.conda
Extracting packaging-25.0-pyh29332c3_1.conda
Extracting platformdirs-4.3.8-pyhe01879c_0.conda
Extracting pluggy-1.6.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
Extracting pycosat-0.6.6-py312h66e93f0_2.conda
Extracting pycparser-2.22-pyh29332c3_1.conda
Extracting pysocks-1.7.1-pyha55dd90_7.conda
Extracting ruamel.yaml.clib-0.2.8-py312h66e93f0_1.conda
Extracting setuptools-80.9.0-pyhff2d567_0.conda
Extracting truststore-0.10.1-pyh29332c3_0.conda
Extracting wheel-0.45.1-pyhd8ed1ab_1.conda
Extracting cffi-1.17.1-py312h06ac9bb_0.conda
Extracting h2-4.2.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
Extracting jsonpatch-1.33-pyhd8ed1ab_1.conda
Extracting pip-25.1.1-pyh8b19718_0.conda
Extracting ruamel.yaml-0.18.14-py312h66e93f0_0.conda
Extracting tqdm-4.67.1-pyhd8ed1ab_1.conda
Extracting zstandard-0.23.0-py312h66e93f0_2.conda
Extracting conda-package-streaming-0.12.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
Extracting urllib3-2.5.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
Extracting requests-2.32.4-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
Extracting conda-package-handling-2.4.0-pyh7900ff3_2.conda
Extracting conda-25.3.1-py312h7900ff3_1.conda
Extracting conda-libmamba-solver-25.3.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0.conda
Installing base environment...
Transaction
Prefix: /srv/miniforge
Updating specs:
- _libgcc_mutex==0.1=conda_forge
- ca-certificates==2025.7.14=hbd8a1cb_0
- ld_impl_linux-64==2.44=h1423503_1
- libgomp==15.1.0=h767d61c_3
- pybind11-abi==4=hd8ed1ab_3
- python_abi==3.12=8_cp312
- tzdata==2025b=h78e105d_0
- _openmp_mutex==4.5=2_gnu
- libgcc==15.1.0=h767d61c_3
- c-ares==1.34.5=hb9d3cd8_0
- libexpat==2.7.1=hecca717_0
- libffi==3.4.6=h2dba641_1
- libgcc-ng==15.1.0=h69a702a_3
- libiconv==1.18=h4ce23a2_1
- liblzma==5.8.1=hb9d3cd8_2
- libnsl==2.0.1=hb9d3cd8_1
- libstdcxx==15.1.0=h8f9b012_3
- libzlib==1.3.1=hb9d3cd8_2
- ncurses==6.5=h2d0b736_3
- openssl==3.5.1=h7b32b05_0
- reproc==14.2.5.0post0=hb9d3cd8_0
- bzip2==1.0.8=h4bc722e_7
- cpp-expected==1.1.0=hff21bea_1
- fmt==11.1.4=h07f6e7f_1
- keyutils==1.6.1=h166bdaf_0
- libedit==3.1.20250104=pl5321h7949ede_0
- libev==4.33=hd590300_2
- libsolv==0.7.34=h9463b59_0
- libssh2==1.11.1=hcf80075_0
- libstdcxx-ng==15.1.0=h4852527_3
- libuuid==2.38.1=h0b41bf4_0
- libxcrypt==4.4.36=hd590300_1
- lz4-c==1.10.0=h5888daf_1
- lzo==2.10=hd590300_1001
- readline==8.2=h8c095d6_2
- reproc-cpp==14.2.5.0post0=h5888daf_0
- simdjson==3.12.3=h84d6215_0
- tk==8.6.13=noxft_hd72426e_102
- yaml-cpp==0.8.0=h3f2d84a_0
- zstd==1.5.7=hb8e6e7a_2
- icu==75.1=he02047a_0
- krb5==1.21.3=h659f571_0
- libnghttp2==1.64.0=h161d5f1_0
- nlohmann_json==3.11.3=he02047a_1
- libcurl==8.14.1=h332b0f4_0
- libsqlite==3.50.3=hee844dc_1
- libxml2==2.13.8=h4bc477f_0
- libarchive==3.7.7=h75ea233_4
- python==3.12.11=h9e4cc4f_0_cpython
- libmamba==2.1.1=h430c389_0
- menuinst==2.3.1=py312h7900ff3_0
- archspec==0.2.5=pyhd8ed1ab_0
- boltons==25.0.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0
- brotli-python==1.1.0=py312h2ec8cdc_3
- certifi==2025.7.14=pyhd8ed1ab_0
- charset-normalizer==3.4.2=pyhd8ed1ab_0
- colorama==0.4.6=pyhd8ed1ab_1
- distro==1.9.0=pyhd8ed1ab_1
- frozendict==2.4.6=py312h66e93f0_0
- hpack==4.1.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0
- hyperframe==6.1.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0
- idna==3.10=pyhd8ed1ab_1
- jsonpointer==3.0.0=py312h7900ff3_1
- libmambapy==2.1.1=py312h07448e0_0
- mamba==2.1.1=had4a41a_0
- packaging==25.0=pyh29332c3_1
- platformdirs==4.3.8=pyhe01879c_0
- pluggy==1.6.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0
- pycosat==0.6.6=py312h66e93f0_2
- pycparser==2.22=pyh29332c3_1
- pysocks==1.7.1=pyha55dd90_7
- ruamel.yaml.clib==0.2.8=py312h66e93f0_1
- setuptools==80.9.0=pyhff2d567_0
- truststore==0.10.1=pyh29332c3_0
- wheel==0.45.1=pyhd8ed1ab_1
- cffi==1.17.1=py312h06ac9bb_0
- h2==4.2.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0
- jsonpatch==1.33=pyhd8ed1ab_1
- pip==25.1.1=pyh8b19718_0
- ruamel.yaml==0.18.14=py312h66e93f0_0
- tqdm==4.67.1=pyhd8ed1ab_1
- zstandard==0.23.0=py312h66e93f0_2
- conda-package-streaming==0.12.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0
- urllib3==2.5.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0
- requests==2.32.4=pyhd8ed1ab_0
- conda-package-handling==2.4.0=pyh7900ff3_2
- conda==25.3.1=py312h7900ff3_1
- conda-libmamba-solver==25.3.0=pyhd8ed1ab_0
Package Version Build Channel Size
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Install:
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+ _libgcc_mutex 0.1 conda_forge conda-forge
+ _openmp_mutex 4.5 2_gnu conda-forge
+ archspec 0.2.5 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
+ boltons 25.0.0 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
+ brotli-python 1.1.0 py312h2ec8cdc_3 conda-forge
+ bzip2 1.0.8 h4bc722e_7 conda-forge
+ c-ares 1.34.5 hb9d3cd8_0 conda-forge
+ ca-certificates 2025.7.14 hbd8a1cb_0 conda-forge
+ certifi 2025.7.14 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
+ cffi 1.17.1 py312h06ac9bb_0 conda-forge
+ charset-normalizer 3.4.2 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
+ colorama 0.4.6 pyhd8ed1ab_1 conda-forge
+ conda 25.3.1 py312h7900ff3_1 conda-forge
+ conda-libmamba-solver 25.3.0 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
+ conda-package-handling 2.4.0 pyh7900ff3_2 conda-forge
+ conda-package-streaming 0.12.0 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
+ cpp-expected 1.1.0 hff21bea_1 conda-forge
+ distro 1.9.0 pyhd8ed1ab_1 conda-forge
+ fmt 11.1.4 h07f6e7f_1 conda-forge
+ frozendict 2.4.6 py312h66e93f0_0 conda-forge
+ h2 4.2.0 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
+ hpack 4.1.0 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
+ hyperframe 6.1.0 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
+ icu 75.1 he02047a_0 conda-forge
+ idna 3.10 pyhd8ed1ab_1 conda-forge
+ jsonpatch 1.33 pyhd8ed1ab_1 conda-forge
+ jsonpointer 3.0.0 py312h7900ff3_1 conda-forge
+ keyutils 1.6.1 h166bdaf_0 conda-forge
+ krb5 1.21.3 h659f571_0 conda-forge
+ ld_impl_linux-64 2.44 h1423503_1 conda-forge
+ libarchive 3.7.7 h75ea233_4 conda-forge
+ libcurl 8.14.1 h332b0f4_0 conda-forge
+ libedit 3.1.20250104 pl5321h7949ede_0 conda-forge
+ libev 4.33 hd590300_2 conda-forge
+ libexpat 2.7.1 hecca717_0 conda-forge
+ libffi 3.4.6 h2dba641_1 conda-forge
+ libgcc 15.1.0 h767d61c_3 conda-forge
+ libgcc-ng 15.1.0 h69a702a_3 conda-forge
+ libgomp 15.1.0 h767d61c_3 conda-forge
+ libiconv 1.18 h4ce23a2_1 conda-forge
+ liblzma 5.8.1 hb9d3cd8_2 conda-forge
+ libmamba 2.1.1 h430c389_0 conda-forge
+ libmambapy 2.1.1 py312h07448e0_0 conda-forge
+ libnghttp2 1.64.0 h161d5f1_0 conda-forge
+ libnsl 2.0.1 hb9d3cd8_1 conda-forge
+ libsolv 0.7.34 h9463b59_0 conda-forge
+ libsqlite 3.50.3 hee844dc_1 conda-forge
+ libssh2 1.11.1 hcf80075_0 conda-forge
+ libstdcxx 15.1.0 h8f9b012_3 conda-forge
+ libstdcxx-ng 15.1.0 h4852527_3 conda-forge
+ libuuid 2.38.1 h0b41bf4_0 conda-forge
+ libxcrypt 4.4.36 hd590300_1 conda-forge
+ libxml2 2.13.8 h4bc477f_0 conda-forge
+ libzlib 1.3.1 hb9d3cd8_2 conda-forge
+ lz4-c 1.10.0 h5888daf_1 conda-forge
+ lzo 2.10 hd590300_1001 conda-forge
+ mamba 2.1.1 had4a41a_0 conda-forge
+ menuinst 2.3.1 py312h7900ff3_0 conda-forge
+ ncurses 6.5 h2d0b736_3 conda-forge
+ nlohmann_json 3.11.3 he02047a_1 conda-forge
+ openssl 3.5.1 h7b32b05_0 conda-forge
+ packaging 25.0 pyh29332c3_1 conda-forge
+ pip 25.1.1 pyh8b19718_0 conda-forge
+ platformdirs 4.3.8 pyhe01879c_0 conda-forge
+ pluggy 1.6.0 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
+ pybind11-abi 4 hd8ed1ab_3 conda-forge
+ pycosat 0.6.6 py312h66e93f0_2 conda-forge
+ pycparser 2.22 pyh29332c3_1 conda-forge
+ pysocks 1.7.1 pyha55dd90_7 conda-forge
+ python 3.12.11 h9e4cc4f_0_cpython conda-forge
+ python_abi 3.12 8_cp312 conda-forge
+ readline 8.2 h8c095d6_2 conda-forge
+ reproc 14.2.5.post0 hb9d3cd8_0 conda-forge
+ reproc-cpp 14.2.5.post0 h5888daf_0 conda-forge
+ requests 2.32.4 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
+ ruamel.yaml 0.18.14 py312h66e93f0_0 conda-forge
+ ruamel.yaml.clib 0.2.8 py312h66e93f0_1 conda-forge
+ setuptools 80.9.0 pyhff2d567_0 conda-forge
+ simdjson 3.12.3 h84d6215_0 conda-forge
+ tk 8.6.13 noxft_hd72426e_102 conda-forge
+ tqdm 4.67.1 pyhd8ed1ab_1 conda-forge
+ truststore 0.10.1 pyh29332c3_0 conda-forge
+ tzdata 2025b h78e105d_0 conda-forge
+ urllib3 2.5.0 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
+ wheel 0.45.1 pyhd8ed1ab_1 conda-forge
+ yaml-cpp 0.8.0 h3f2d84a_0 conda-forge
+ zstandard 0.23.0 py312h66e93f0_2 conda-forge
+ zstd 1.5.7 hb8e6e7a_2 conda-forge
Summary:
Install: 88 packages
Total download: 0 B
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Transaction starting
Linking _libgcc_mutex-0.1-conda_forge
Linking ca-certificates-2025.7.14-hbd8a1cb_0
Linking ld_impl_linux-64-2.44-h1423503_1
Linking libgomp-15.1.0-h767d61c_3
Linking pybind11-abi-4-hd8ed1ab_3
Linking python_abi-3.12-8_cp312
Linking tzdata-2025b-h78e105d_0
Linking _openmp_mutex-4.5-2_gnu
Linking libgcc-15.1.0-h767d61c_3
Linking c-ares-1.34.5-hb9d3cd8_0
Linking libexpat-2.7.1-hecca717_0
Linking libffi-3.4.6-h2dba641_1
Linking libgcc-ng-15.1.0-h69a702a_3
Linking libiconv-1.18-h4ce23a2_1
Linking liblzma-5.8.1-hb9d3cd8_2
Linking libnsl-2.0.1-hb9d3cd8_1
Linking libstdcxx-15.1.0-h8f9b012_3
Linking libzlib-1.3.1-hb9d3cd8_2
Linking ncurses-6.5-h2d0b736_3
Linking openssl-3.5.1-h7b32b05_0
Linking reproc-14.2.5.post0-hb9d3cd8_0
Linking bzip2-1.0.8-h4bc722e_7
Linking cpp-expected-1.1.0-hff21bea_1
Linking fmt-11.1.4-h07f6e7f_1
Linking keyutils-1.6.1-h166bdaf_0
Linking libedit-3.1.20250104-pl5321h7949ede_0
Linking libev-4.33-hd590300_2
Linking libsolv-0.7.34-h9463b59_0
Linking libssh2-1.11.1-hcf80075_0
Linking libstdcxx-ng-15.1.0-h4852527_3
Linking libuuid-2.38.1-h0b41bf4_0
Linking libxcrypt-4.4.36-hd590300_1
Linking lz4-c-1.10.0-h5888daf_1
Linking lzo-2.10-hd590300_1001
Linking readline-8.2-h8c095d6_2
Linking reproc-cpp-14.2.5.post0-h5888daf_0
Linking simdjson-3.12.3-h84d6215_0
Linking tk-8.6.13-noxft_hd72426e_102
Linking yaml-cpp-0.8.0-h3f2d84a_0
Linking zstd-1.5.7-hb8e6e7a_2
Linking icu-75.1-he02047a_0
Linking krb5-1.21.3-h659f571_0
Linking libnghttp2-1.64.0-h161d5f1_0
Linking nlohmann_json-3.11.3-he02047a_1
Linking libcurl-8.14.1-h332b0f4_0
Linking libsqlite-3.50.3-hee844dc_1
Linking libxml2-2.13.8-h4bc477f_0
Linking libarchive-3.7.7-h75ea233_4
Linking python-3.12.11-h9e4cc4f_0_cpython
Linking libmamba-2.1.1-h430c389_0
Linking menuinst-2.3.1-py312h7900ff3_0
Linking archspec-0.2.5-pyhd8ed1ab_0
Linking boltons-25.0.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0
Linking brotli-python-1.1.0-py312h2ec8cdc_3
Linking certifi-2025.7.14-pyhd8ed1ab_0
Linking charset-normalizer-3.4.2-pyhd8ed1ab_0
Linking colorama-0.4.6-pyhd8ed1ab_1
Linking distro-1.9.0-pyhd8ed1ab_1
Linking frozendict-2.4.6-py312h66e93f0_0
Linking hpack-4.1.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0
Linking hyperframe-6.1.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0
Linking idna-3.10-pyhd8ed1ab_1
Linking jsonpointer-3.0.0-py312h7900ff3_1
Linking libmambapy-2.1.1-py312h07448e0_0
Linking mamba-2.1.1-had4a41a_0
Linking packaging-25.0-pyh29332c3_1
Linking platformdirs-4.3.8-pyhe01879c_0
Linking pluggy-1.6.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0
Linking pycosat-0.6.6-py312h66e93f0_2
Linking pycparser-2.22-pyh29332c3_1
Linking pysocks-1.7.1-pyha55dd90_7
Linking ruamel.yaml.clib-0.2.8-py312h66e93f0_1
Linking setuptools-80.9.0-pyhff2d567_0
Linking truststore-0.10.1-pyh29332c3_0
Linking wheel-0.45.1-pyhd8ed1ab_1
Linking cffi-1.17.1-py312h06ac9bb_0
Linking h2-4.2.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0
Linking jsonpatch-1.33-pyhd8ed1ab_1
Linking pip-25.1.1-pyh8b19718_0
Linking ruamel.yaml-0.18.14-py312h66e93f0_0
Linking tqdm-4.67.1-pyhd8ed1ab_1
Linking zstandard-0.23.0-py312h66e93f0_2
Linking conda-package-streaming-0.12.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0
Linking urllib3-2.5.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0
Linking requests-2.32.4-pyhd8ed1ab_0
Linking conda-package-handling-2.4.0-pyh7900ff3_2
Linking conda-25.3.1-py312h7900ff3_1
Linking conda-libmamba-solver-25.3.0-pyhd8ed1ab_0
Transaction finished
installation finished.
[root@localhost ~]#
|
可以看到安装完成了！
2.4 查看可执行文件信息
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| [root@localhost ~]# /srv/miniforge/bin/conda -V
conda 25.3.1
[root@localhost ~]# /srv/miniforge/bin/python -V
Python 3.12.11
[root@localhost ~]# ls -lah /srv/miniforge/bin/python*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 25 20:55 /srv/miniforge/bin/python -> python3.12
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 25 20:55 /srv/miniforge/bin/python3 -> python3.12
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Oct 25 20:55 /srv/miniforge/bin/python3.1 -> python3.12
-rwxrwxr-x 1 root root 30M Oct 25 20:55 /srv/miniforge/bin/python3.12
-rwxrwxr-x 1 root root 3.4K Oct 25 20:55 /srv/miniforge/bin/python3.12-config
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Oct 25 20:55 /srv/miniforge/bin/python3-config -> python3.12-config
[root@localhost ~]#
|
至此安全的高版本Python 3.12.11安装成功了！conda版本是25.3.1.
2.5 查看配置代理是否生效
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| [root@localhost ~]# /srv/miniforge/bin/conda config --show-sources
==> /srv/miniforge/.condarc <==
channels:
- conda-forge
==> /root/.condarc <==
channels:
- defaults
custom_channels:
conda-forge: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
msys2: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
bioconda: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
menpo: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
pytorch: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
pytorch-lts: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
simpleitk: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
deepmodeling: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/
default_channels:
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2
show_channel_urls: True
[root@localhost ~]# cat /srv/miniforge/.condarc
channels:
- conda-forge
[root@localhost ~]#
|
可以看到，当前有两个配置，一个是默认的/srv/miniforge/.condarc，一个是我手动创建的/root/.condarc，为了让我们自己的配置文件生效，将默认的配置文件重命名一下：
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| ## 修改默认配置文件名
[root@localhost ~]# mv /srv/miniforge/.condarc /srv/miniforge/.condarc.bak
## 再次查看配置信息，可以看到当前只我设置的请华大学代理
[root@localhost ~]# /srv/miniforge/bin/conda config --show-sources
==> /root/.condarc <==
channels:
- defaults
custom_channels:
conda-forge: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
msys2: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
bioconda: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
menpo: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
pytorch: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
pytorch-lts: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
simpleitk: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
deepmodeling: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/
default_channels:
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2
show_channel_urls: True
[root@localhost ~]#
|
2.6 查看当前虚拟环境
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| [root@localhost ~]# /srv/miniforge/bin/conda env list
## conda environments:
##
base /srv/miniforge
[root@localhost ~]#
|
此时可以看到，只有默认的base环境，这个是安装miniforge自动生成的！
2.7 查看当前conda环境可用的Python版本
查看当前conda环境可用的Python版本，使用以下命令：
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| [root@localhost ~]# /srv/miniforge/bin/conda search python
Loading channels: done
## Name Version Build Channel
python 2.7.13 hac47a24_15 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.13 heccc3f1_16 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.13 hfff3488_13 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.14 h1571d57_29 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.14 h1571d57_30 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.14 h1571d57_31 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.14 h1aa7481_19 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.14 h435b27a_18 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.14 h89e7a4a_22 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.14 h91f54f5_26 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.14 h931c8b0_15 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.14 h9b67528_20 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.14 ha6fc286_23 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.14 hc2b0042_21 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.14 hdd48546_24 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.14 hf918d8d_16 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.15 h1571d57_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.15 h77bded6_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.15 h77bded6_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.15 h9bab390_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.15 h9bab390_4 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.15 h9bab390_6 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.16 h8b3fad2_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.16 h8b3fad2_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.16 h8b3fad2_3 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.16 h8b3fad2_4 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.16 h8b3fad2_5 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.16 h9bab390_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.16 h9bab390_6 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.16 h9bab390_7 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.17 h9bab390_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.18 h02575d3_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.18 h15b4118_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.18 h42bf7aa_3 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 2.7.18 ha1903f6_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.4 h00c01ad_19 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.4 h0b4c808_22 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.4 h2170f06_12 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.4 h3075507_18 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.4 h417fded_24 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.4 h56e0582_23 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.4 h72f0b78_15 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.4 hb43c6bb_21 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.4 hc053d89_14 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.4 hc3d631a_27 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.4 he2c66cf_20 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.5 hc3d631a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.5 hc3d631a_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.5 hc3d631a_3 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.5 hc3d631a_4 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.6 h12debd9_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.5.6 hc3d631a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.2 h02fb82a_12 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.2 h0b30769_14 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.2 h33255ae_18 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.2 hca45abc_19 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.2 hdfe5801_15 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.3 h0ef2715_3 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.3 h1284df2_4 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.3 h6c0c0dc_5 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.3 hc9025b9_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.3 hcad60d5_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.3 hefd0734_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.4 hc3d631a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.4 hc3d631a_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.4 hc3d631a_3 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.5 hc3d631a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.5 hc3d631a_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.5 hc3d631a_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.6 h6e4f718_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.6 hc3d631a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.7 h0371630_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.8 h0371630_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.9 h265db76_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.10 h0371630_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.10 h191fe78_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.10 h7579374_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.10 hcf32534_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.12 hcff3b4d_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.13 h12debd9_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.6.13 hdb3f193_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.0 h6e4f718_3 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.0 hc3d631a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.1 h0371630_3 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.1 h0371630_7 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.2 h0371630_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.3 h0371630_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.4 h265db76_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.4 h265db76_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.5 h0371630_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.6 h0371630_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.7 h191fe78_0_cpython anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.7 hcf32534_0_cpython anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.7 hcff3b4d_4 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.7 hcff3b4d_5 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.9 h7579374_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.10 h12debd9_4 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.10 hdb3f193_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.11 h12debd9_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.13 h12debd9_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.13 haa1d7c7_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.15 h7a1cb2a_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.15 haa1d7c7_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.7.16 h7a1cb2a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.0 h0371630_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.0 h0371630_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.0 h0371630_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.1 h0371630_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.2 h191fe78_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.2 hcf32534_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.2 hcff3b4d_13 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.2 hcff3b4d_14 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.3 hcff3b4d_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.3 hcff3b4d_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.5 h7579374_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.5 hcff3b4d_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.8 hdb3f193_4 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.8 hdb3f193_5 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.10 h12debd9_8 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.10 hdb3f193_7 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.11 h12debd9_0_cpython anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.12 h12debd9_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.13 h12debd9_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.13 haa1d7c7_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.15 h3fd9d12_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.15 h7a1cb2a_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.16 h7a1cb2a_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.16 h7a1cb2a_3 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.16 h955ad1f_4 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.17 h7a1cb2a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.17 h955ad1f_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.18 h7a1cb2a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.18 h955ad1f_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.19 h955ad1f_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.8.20 he870216_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.0 hcff3b4d_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.0 hdb3f193_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.1 hdb3f193_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.2 hdb3f193_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.4 hdb3f193_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.5 h12debd9_4 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.5 hdb3f193_3 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.6 h12debd9_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.6 h12debd9_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.7 h12debd9_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.11 h12debd9_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.11 h12debd9_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.12 h12debd9_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.12 h12debd9_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.13 haa1d7c7_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.13 haa1d7c7_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.15 h7a1cb2a_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.15 haa1d7c7_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.16 h7a1cb2a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.16 h7a1cb2a_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.16 h7a1cb2a_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.16 h955ad1f_3 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.17 h7a1cb2a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.17 h955ad1f_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.18 h7a1cb2a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.18 h955ad1f_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.19 h955ad1f_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.19 h955ad1f_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.20 he870216_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.21 he870216_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.23 he99959a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.24 h0dcde21_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.9.24 h602e5db_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.0 h12debd9_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.0 h12debd9_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.0 h12debd9_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.0 h12debd9_4 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.0 h12debd9_5 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.0 h151d27f_3 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.3 h12debd9_5 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.4 h12debd9_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.6 haa1d7c7_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.6 haa1d7c7_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.8 h7a1cb2a_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.8 haa1d7c7_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.9 h7a1cb2a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.9 h7a1cb2a_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.9 h7a1cb2a_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.10 h7a1cb2a_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.11 h7a1cb2a_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.11 h955ad1f_3 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.12 h7a1cb2a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.12 h955ad1f_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.13 h7a1cb2a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.13 h955ad1f_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.14 h955ad1f_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.14 h955ad1f_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.15 he870216_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.16 he870216_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.18 h1a3bd86_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.10.19 h6fa692b_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.0 h7a1cb2a_2 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.0 h7a1cb2a_3 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.2 h7a1cb2a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.3 h7a1cb2a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.3 h955ad1f_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.4 h7a1cb2a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.4 h955ad1f_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.5 h7a1cb2a_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.5 h955ad1f_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.7 h955ad1f_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.8 h955ad1f_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.9 h955ad1f_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.10 he870216_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.11 he870216_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.13 h1a3bd86_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.11.14 h6fa692b_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.12.0 h996f2a0_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.12.1 h996f2a0_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.12.2 h996f2a0_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.12.3 h996f2a0_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.12.3 h996f2a0_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.12.4 h5148396_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.12.5 h5148396_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.12.6 h5148396_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.12.7 h5148396_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.12.8 h5148396_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.12.9 h5148396_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.12.11 h22baa00_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.12.12 hc23ea64_0 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.12.12 hd17a9e1_1 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.13.0 hf623796_100_cp313 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.13.1 hf623796_100_cp313 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.13.2 hf623796_100_cp313 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.13.3 h4612cfd_100_cp313 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.13.4 h4612cfd_100_cp313 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.13.5 h4612cfd_100_cp313 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.13.7 h7e8bc2b_100_cp313 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.13.9 h7e8bc2b_100_cp313 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.14.0 h3fc5862_100_cp314 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.14.0 h3fc5862_101_cp314 anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.14.0 h89a963b_0_cp314t anaconda/pkgs/main
python 3.14.0 h89a963b_1_cp314t anaconda/pkgs/main
[root@localhost ~]#
|
可以看到，可以使用的python版本非常多！
2.8 查看已经安装的Python版本
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| [root@localhost ~]# /srv/miniforge/bin/conda list python
## packages in environment at /srv/miniforge:
##
## Name Version Build Channel
brotli-python 1.1.0 py312h2ec8cdc_3 conda-forge
python 3.12.11 h9e4cc4f_0_cpython conda-forge
python_abi 3.12 8_cp312 conda-forge
[root@localhost ~]#
|
3. 创建虚拟环境
3.1 创建虚拟环境
使用/srv/miniforge/bin/conda create创建虚拟环境，比如我们现在要安装一个Python 3.10.16这个版本：
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| [root@localhost ~]# /srv/miniforge/bin/conda create --name supervisorpython3.10.16 python=3.10.16
Channels:
- defaults
Platform: linux-64
Collecting package metadata (repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done
### Package Plan ##
environment location: /srv/miniforge/envs/supervisorpython3.10.16
added / updated specs:
- python=3.10.16
The following packages will be downloaded:
package | build
---------------------------|-----------------
_libgcc_mutex-0.1 | main 3 KB defaults
_openmp_mutex-5.1 | 1_gnu 21 KB defaults
bzip2-1.0.8 | h5eee18b_6 262 KB defaults
ca-certificates-2025.9.9 | h06a4308_0 127 KB defaults
ld_impl_linux-64-2.40 | h12ee557_0 710 KB defaults
libffi-3.4.4 | h6a678d5_1 141 KB defaults
libgcc-ng-11.2.0 | h1234567_1 5.3 MB defaults
libgomp-11.2.0 | h1234567_1 474 KB defaults
libstdcxx-ng-11.2.0 | h1234567_1 4.7 MB defaults
libuuid-1.41.5 | h5eee18b_0 27 KB defaults
libxcb-1.17.0 | h9b100fa_0 430 KB defaults
libzlib-1.3.1 | hb25bd0a_0 59 KB defaults
ncurses-6.5 | h7934f7d_0 1.1 MB defaults
openssl-3.0.17 | h5eee18b_0 5.2 MB defaults
pip-25.2 | pyhc872135_1 1.1 MB defaults
pthread-stubs-0.3 | h0ce48e5_1 5 KB defaults
python-3.10.16 | he870216_1 26.9 MB defaults
readline-8.3 | hc2a1206_0 471 KB defaults
setuptools-80.9.0 | py310h06a4308_0 1.4 MB defaults
sqlite-3.50.2 | hb25bd0a_1 1.1 MB defaults
tk-8.6.15 | h54e0aa7_0 3.4 MB defaults
tzdata-2025b | h04d1e81_0 116 KB defaults
wheel-0.45.1 | py310h06a4308_0 115 KB defaults
xorg-libx11-1.8.12 | h9b100fa_1 895 KB defaults
xorg-libxau-1.0.12 | h9b100fa_0 13 KB defaults
xorg-libxdmcp-1.1.5 | h9b100fa_0 19 KB defaults
xorg-xorgproto-2024.1 | h5eee18b_1 580 KB defaults
xz-5.6.4 | h5eee18b_1 567 KB defaults
zlib-1.3.1 | hb25bd0a_0 96 KB defaults
------------------------------------------------------------
Total: 55.3 MB
The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:
_libgcc_mutex anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::_libgcc_mutex-0.1-main
_openmp_mutex anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::_openmp_mutex-5.1-1_gnu
bzip2 anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::bzip2-1.0.8-h5eee18b_6
ca-certificates anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::ca-certificates-2025.9.9-h06a4308_0
ld_impl_linux-64 anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::ld_impl_linux-64-2.40-h12ee557_0
libffi anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::libffi-3.4.4-h6a678d5_1
libgcc-ng anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::libgcc-ng-11.2.0-h1234567_1
libgomp anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::libgomp-11.2.0-h1234567_1
libstdcxx-ng anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::libstdcxx-ng-11.2.0-h1234567_1
libuuid anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::libuuid-1.41.5-h5eee18b_0
libxcb anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::libxcb-1.17.0-h9b100fa_0
libzlib anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::libzlib-1.3.1-hb25bd0a_0
ncurses anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::ncurses-6.5-h7934f7d_0
openssl anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::openssl-3.0.17-h5eee18b_0
pip anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::pip-25.2-pyhc872135_1
pthread-stubs anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::pthread-stubs-0.3-h0ce48e5_1
python anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::python-3.10.16-he870216_1
readline anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::readline-8.3-hc2a1206_0
setuptools anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::setuptools-80.9.0-py310h06a4308_0
sqlite anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::sqlite-3.50.2-hb25bd0a_1
tk anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::tk-8.6.15-h54e0aa7_0
tzdata anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::tzdata-2025b-h04d1e81_0
wheel anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::wheel-0.45.1-py310h06a4308_0
xorg-libx11 anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::xorg-libx11-1.8.12-h9b100fa_1
xorg-libxau anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::xorg-libxau-1.0.12-h9b100fa_0
xorg-libxdmcp anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::xorg-libxdmcp-1.1.5-h9b100fa_0
xorg-xorgproto anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::xorg-xorgproto-2024.1-h5eee18b_1
xz anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::xz-5.6.4-h5eee18b_1
zlib anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::zlib-1.3.1-hb25bd0a_0
Proceed ([y]/n)? y # <=========== 注意，此处要处理y，表示确认
Downloading and Extracting Packages:
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
##
## To activate this environment, use
##
## $ conda activate supervisorpython3.10.16
##
## To deactivate an active environment, use
##
## $ conda deactivate
[root@localhost ~]#
|
此时一个新的虚拟环境就安装好了！
3.2 查看当前虚拟环境
查看当前所有的虚拟环境：
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| ## 查看当前所有的虚拟环境，可以看到已经多了一个 supervisorpython3.10.16 环境了
[root@localhost ~]# /srv/miniforge/bin/conda env list
## conda environments:
##
base /srv/miniforge
supervisorpython3.10.16 /srv/miniforge/envs/supervisorpython3.10.16
## 查看新虚拟环境的Python版本和pip版本信息
[root@localhost ~]# /srv/miniforge/envs/supervisorpython3.10.16/bin/python -V
Python 3.10.16
[root@localhost ~]# /srv/miniforge/envs/supervisorpython3.10.16/bin/pip -V
pip 25.2 from /srv/miniforge/envs/supervisorpython3.10.16/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip (python 3.10)
[root@localhost ~]#
|
3.3 配置pip代理
创建配置文件夹~/.pip，然后创建配置文件 ~/.pip/pip.conf。
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| [root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p ~/.pip
[root@localhost ~]# touch ~/.pip/pip.conf
[root@localhost ~]#
|
然后在配置文件 ~/.pip/pip.conf中写入以下内容：
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| [global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
[install]
trusted-host = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
|
然后检查配置是否生效：
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| [root@localhost ~]# /srv/miniforge/envs/supervisorpython3.10.16/bin/pip config list
global.index-url='https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple'
install.trusted-host='https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn'
[root@localhost ~]#
|
可以看到，虚拟环境已经能正常读取到pip代理配置了。
3.4 安装第三方包
注意，如果直接使用conda安装Python第三方包，有可能导致conda将Python版本也给升级了，为了保持Python版本不变，我们仍然使用pip来安装第三方包。如安装supervisor包，则使用以下命令：
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| [root@localhost ~]# /srv/miniforge/envs/supervisorpython3.10.16/bin/pip install supervisor==4.3.0
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Collecting supervisor==4.3.0
Downloading https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/0e/65/5e726c372da8a5e35022a94388b12252710aad0c2351699c3d76ae8dba78/supervisor-4.3.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (320 kB)
Installing collected packages: supervisor
Successfully installed supervisor-4.3.0
WARNING: Running pip as the 'root' user can result in broken permissions and conflicting behaviour with the system package manager, possibly rendering your system unusable. It is recommended to use a virtual environment instead: https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/venv. Use the --root-user-action option if you know what you are doing and want to suppress this warning.
[root@localhost ~]#
|
此处指定了supervisor的版本为4.3.0。
3.5 查看虚拟环境中安装的第三方包
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| [root@localhost ~]# /srv/miniforge/envs/supervisorpython3.10.16/bin/pip freeze
supervisor==4.3.0
[root@localhost ~]#
|
可以看到虚拟环境能够正常工作了！
